Mexico has deported 311 Indian nationals to New Delhi, the National Migration Institute (INM) said late on Wednesday, calling it an unprecedented transatlantic deportation.

The move follows a deal Mexico struck with the United States in June, vowing to significantly curb U.S.-bound migration in exchange for averting U.S. tariffs on Mexican exports.

“It is unprecedented in INM’s history – in either form or the number of people – for a transatlantic air transport like the one carried out on this day,” INM said in a statement.

The 310 men and one woman that INM said were illegally in Mexico were sent on a chartered flight, accompanied by federal immigration agents and Mexico’s National Guard . They arrived in New Delhi on Friday.

Most of the deportees were from India’s northern Punjab state , an Indian official said. Police will run checks if any of them had criminal history , another official said.

INM said the deportees had been scattered in eight states around Mexico , including in southern Mexico from where many Indian migrants enter the country, hoping to transit to the U.S. border.

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The backlog of migrants in southern Mexico has grown as officials have stopped issuing permits for them to cross the country, said Caitlyn Yates , a r esearch coordinator at IBI Consultants who has studied increasing numbers of U.S.-bound Asian and African migrants arriving in Mexico.

“This type of deportation in Mexico is the first of its kind but likely to continue,” Yates said.

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